Basically, graffiti is wall painting. So it can be done using various types of painting materials. But generally these days graffiti is being done by spray paints or marker pens. In most countries painting on properties without the property owner's approval or on public properties is a punishable crime. In 1st world countries, people are very much concern about the cleanliness of the surroundings and what the neighborhood is looking like. Most of them think that graffiti has no artistic values. So it is needed to be removed from the neighborhood. There lies the concept of graffiti removal.
The general belief is that graffiti reduces the monetary value of a property and plays a great role in business losses such as tourism business. People get anxious about their safety because it is believed to attract crime and also it can create some political turbulence in the country by conveying some anti-government issues. So government officials are putting their time and mind to prevent this type of activity. Graffiti removal or how to remove graffiti is becoming much of their headache now. Many organizations have been built by the authority to prevent and remove such activities. Many private organizations have also been built up for removing such wall paints. Laws are also very strict in these countries even years of imprisonment if caught.
Graffiti removal consists of various measures like making it a punishable criminal offence, educating people about the negativity of it etc. The simplest way of doing it is just painting out and covering the wall-art. It is low costs too. But there are several other processes by which we can remove the graffiti easily and effectively. Chemical processes are most effective for graffiti removal. At first we have to identify the surface type and then select a chemical to use on it. The strong solvent, usually a chlorinated hydrocarbon or polar solvent, dissolves the spray paint. But it may require very much personal protection while using and environmental considerations may come into play. For small jobs though, rubbing the chemical solvent with a scrubber on the wall-paint or washing with a high speed jet of water may serve the purpose.